Overcoming Capacity Constraints in MultiFamily Building Retrofits
Overcoming Capacity Constraints in MultiFamily Building Retrofits

One of the biggest challenges in California’s effort to eliminate carbon emissions by 2045, is fully electrifying the almost 90% of an estimated 13.5 million existing residences that currently use natural gas. Many states will face a similar challenge as they follow suit over the coming decades. Apartments are 29% of the housing in California, and 50% or more of housing built every year in California since 2009.
Older multifamily housing buildings are often undersized for current decarbonization goals. Units built in the 1970s-2000s often provided only 60A service at each unit, meaning the currently needed minimum 100A service is rarely in place.
We have a retrofit problem. Current electrical design consistently oversizes service for anticipated use. It’s problematic to further upsizel services to meet increased loads and code requirements as units are electrified. Converting natural gas furnaces, clothes dryers and boilers to heat pump technology, gas stovetops and ranges to induction, and even adding an EV charger, represent large but additional intermittent loads to a residence. The current approach of outsized electrical service upgrades would only further exacerbate the problem and result in unnecessarily high costs.
A better solution would be to combine necessary capacity for routine needs, with available additional capacity for occasional needs, at less than the cost of the conventional approach. This is possible because actual loads always fall below design capacity, demand can be better managed today than in the past, and battery storage is becoming an increasingly viable option to provide short-term additional capacity.
This session will present various strategies and technologies available to fully electrify housing without service and panel upgrades, which otherwise may come at the expense of both occupant and the owner, and limit the viability of many decarbonization projects.